Table of contents
Acknowledgements..................................................IX
Preface.......................................................XI-XXI
Table of Contents.........................................XXIII-XXXI
I. FROM ROME TO CONSTANTINOPLE:
New Book Production and Marketing
Practices in the Eastern Roman Empire.....................3-23
From Rome to Constantinople..................................3-10
The historical background Constantine the Great.............10-11
The history of geography....................................13-17
Notes.......................................................21-23
II. FROM CONSTANTINE THE GREAT TO JUSTINIAN
Imperial Libraries and Teachers' Libraries
at the Service of Education. Books as Scapegoats..........27-85
From Constantine the Great to Justinian.....................27-28
Constantine the Great and a project involving books.........28-29
The first imperial library..................................29-34
Julian, a book-loving emperor...............................34-43
Episcopal and patriarchal libraries.........................43-45
The educational system......................................45-47
Grammarians' and teachers' libraries........................47-51
The library of a man of letters.............................51-54
Libraries at the service of Christian education.............54-56
Interaction of classical and Christian education............56-58
Christian books as scapegoats of the strife between
pagans and Christians.....................................58-60
Suppression of pagan books..................................60-62
The burning of heretical libraries..........................62-65
Book-owning and the monastic way of life....................65-66
Did slaves work as scribes in the Byzantine period?............67
Notes.......................................................71-85
III. JUSTINIAN AND THE BEGINNING OF THE DARK AGES
Characteristics of Byzantine literature, the book trade,
the first imperial collections of books,
and libraries in monastic centres........................89-159
Historical background. From Julian's successor
to Justinian..............................................89-91
The fate of the public library founded by Constantius II....91-94
Towards a personal imperial library.........................94-96
Characteristics of Byzantine literature.....................96-97
The book trade in early Byzantine times....................98-100
Towards a Christian library...............................100-107
Monasticism and monastery libraries.......................107-109
Libraries in the monasteries of Constantinople
and its environs from the 4th to the 6th century........109-110
The library of the Monastery of St. Catherine on Sinai....110-112
The chronicle of the library..................................112
The archive...............................................112-114
Manuscripts...............................................114-116
The Monastery scriptorium.................................116-118
Papyrus 'books'...............................................118
Arabic manuscripts........................................118-119
Syriac manuscripts............................................122
Georgian and Slavonic manuscripts.........................122-123
The Collection of printed books...........................123-124
Libraries in the Lavras: the Monastery of St. Sabbas
in Palestine The archive of the Byzantine church
at Petra................................................124-127
The revival of Hadrian's library in Athens................128-132
The philosophical schools, the libraries of Alexandria,
and the torching of the Serapeum........................123-133
The Serapeum and its library..............................133-134
Hypatia and her school....................................134-136
The book trade on the basis of the local
cultural tradition: Greek literature in Egypt...........136-138
The period of Justinian...................................138-140
The closure of the School of Athens.......................140-142
The 'Library' of a poet from Egypt in the 6th century.....142-143
Notes.....................................................147-159
IV. THE DEMISE OF THE CLASSICAL WORLD
RELATIONS BETWEEN BYZANTIUM AND THE ARABS
'Houses of Wisdom' and the Arabic translation movement
The Monastery of Studius and the impact of Iconoclasm
on books................................................163-217
Historical background.....................................163-166
Libraries in the eastern provinces menaced by the Arabs...166-167
The background to the drive for Arabic translations.......167-139
The Abbasid dynasty and its ideology......................169-171
From al-Mansur's successor to al-Mamun........................171
Al-Mamun and the translation project as an
ideological weapon......................................171-172
Ibn al-Nadim poses a question about books.................172-174
The patrons of the translation programme..................174-176
Opposition to and subversion of the translation movement......176
The 'House of Wisdom' and Arab thematic libraries.........176-177
Legends and facts about books in the Byzantine and
Arab empires............................................178-179
Graeco-Roman libraries in Arab territory..................179-180
A 'second Callimachus' in Baghdad: AI-Nadim...............180-184
A teacher's library at Trebizond: the case of Tychicus....184-187
The library and scriptorium in the Monastery
of St. John the Baptist (Monastery of Studius)..............187
The library...................................................190
The scriptorium...............................................191
To what extent were the books in Constantinopolitan
monasteries affected by the Iconoclastic controversy?...192-195
A teacher with Renaissance characteristics:
Leo the Philosopher.....................................195-199
The library of Leo the Philosopher........................199-200
A new script..............................................200-201
Notes.....................................................205-217
V. RENAISSANCE TRENDS IN BYZANTIUM
AND LARGE MONASTIC CENTRES
Photius, Arethas, the encyclopaedic movement
and the monastic libraries of Mount Athos...............221-279
From Photius to Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus...............221
Did bookshops exist in Constantinople?....................221-223
Patriarch Photius and his library.........................223-226
The Bibliotheca...........................................226-230
The library of an editor and commentator:
Arethas of Caesarea.....................................230-233
The library of an anonymous teacher in Constantinople
in the tenth century....................................233-235
The Palace library........................................235-236
The literary interests of Constantine VII
Porphyrogenitus.........................................236-237
Excerpta..................................................237-240
Which library provided the basis for the encyclopaedic
movement of the tenth century?..........................240-241
Libraries on Mount Athos..................................241-246
A brief chronicle of the spoliation of the
Athonite libraries......................................246-248
The Great Lavra...........................................248-251
Vatopedi Monastery .......................................251-257
Iviron Monastery..........................................257-260
Notes.....................................................265-279
VI. FROM THE COMNENI TO THE CAPTURE
OF CONSTANTINOPLE BY THE WESTERNERS IN 1204
Monastery libraries in South Italy and Patmos,
public and private libraries............................283-333
The Byzantine world of South Italy............................284
Greek libraries in Rome...................................285-287
Libraries in the Greek Monasteries of South Italy.........287-288
The library of the Monastery of St. Elias.................288-289
The library of the Monastery of San Nicola................289-290
The library of the Monastery of the Virgin Mother of God......291
The library of the Monastery of St. Sostes....................292
The story of the formation of the library of Scholarius...292-294
The library of Grottaferrata..............................294-301
The patron of the Basilian Monasteries and the
Liber Visitationis..........................................301
Libraries attached to advanced educational institutions...303-304
A monastery library on the island of the Apocalypse:
the Monastery of St. John the Theologian on Patrnos.....305-310
The testimony of the foreign travellers on the library....310-316
A grammarian in search of books: John Tzetzes.............316-317
The capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders:
an incalculable loss of books...............................317
A private library on the Athenian Acropolis...............318-320
Notes.....................................................325-333
VII. FROM THE CONQUEST OF CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1204
TO ITS RECOVERY IN 1261
Libraries in the Empires of Nicaea, Trebizond
and Thessalonica and the Despotate of Epirus............337-417
The Empire of Nicaea......................................340-341
The cultural policy of the Nicene emperors................341-342
Blemmydes and his quest for books.........................342-345
A philosopher on the imperial throne of Nicaea............345-347
The Empire of Trebizond...................................347-349
Intellectual life in Trebizond
under the Megalo-Comneni................................349-350
The 'Academy' of Natural Sciences at Trebizond............350-352
The library of the 'Academy'..............................352-354
An imperial library in the palace at Trebizond................354
Libraries and scriptoria at monasteries in the Pontus.....354-355
The library of Soumela Monastery..............................359
Libraries in the Bazelon and Peristereotas Monasteries....361-362
The Despotate of Epirus...................................362-364
The character of intellectual life............................364
Manuscript-copying centres in the Despotate...............364-366
The School and Library of the Philanthropenon Monastery...366-368
Did John Apocaucus have a classical library?..............368-372
Libraries in the monasteries of the Meteora...................372
The libraries of the Meteora through travellers' eyes.....376-377
The contents of the manuscripts...........................377-378
The monasteries' manuscript treasures and
their scriptoria........................................378-383
The Empire of Thessalonica....................................383
Cultural orientations and the prerequisites
for book centres............................................384
Libraries in the monasteries of Thessalonica..............384-388
A library providing material for Eustathius of
Thessalonica's literary activities......................388-391
The Kingdom of Cyprus.........................................391
Characteristics of intellectual life in Cyprus............391-392
The evidence of the manuscript tradition..................392-394
Libraries in churches and monasteries.
St. Neophytus's collection..............................395-398
Private libraries in Cyprus...............................398-399
Notes.....................................................403-417
VIII. FROM THE RECOVERY OF CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1261
TO THE TURKISH CONQUEST IN 1453
Libraries in schools in Constantinople, Thessalonica
and Mystras; Private book collections and libraries
belonging to Byzantines in the West.....................421-465
The shortage of parchment and other writing materials.....422-424
Higher educational establishments in Constantinople
from 1261 to 1453.......................................424-425
Libraries in the higher educational establishments
of Constantinople.......................................425-429
Bibliophiles' collections and the private libraries
of men of letters.......................................429-432
The Patriarchal Library from 1261 to the
Ottoman conquest........................................432-433
A literary 'workshop' in Thessalonica and
book collections that supported it......................433-435
Books come to prominence in the context
of the Hesychast controversy............................436-437
The Despotate of the Morea....................................438
The earliest evidence of bibliophilism at Mystras
in the thirteenth century...............................438-442
Libraries at Mystras and Plethon's school.................442-443
Lacedaemonian and other scribes...........................443-444
Plethon, his 'School' and his circle of literati..........444-448
Libraries belonging to Byzantines in the West
in the first half of the fifteenth century..............448-451
The lament for the loss of sacred and other books.............451
Notes.....................................................455-465
IX. THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF LIBRARIES
DECORATION AND EQUIPMENT
From the monumental libraries of ancient times
to sacristies and humble monastery libraries............469-492
Discontinuity in the tradition of monumental libraries....469-472
The urban design of Constantinople........................472-477
Palace libraries..........................................477-478
A Byzantine library in the type of a basilica ............478-479
The Palace library........................................479-480
Monastery libraries...........................................480
The sacristy..............................................480-482
Libraries.................................................482-483
The library of the Monastery of St. John
the Theologian on Patmos................................485-487
Libraries in the higher educational institutions..............487
Notes.....................................................491-492
ABBREVIATIONS - BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................494-547
INDEX........................................................551-572 | |
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