Table of contents
VOLUME ONE
List of Plates xxi
Foreword by Stephen o. Saxe xxiii
Biographical Sketches of Major Writers of Printers' Manuals xxiv
Preface xxxi
Some Observations on the Text xxxii
Typographical Style xxxiv
Acknowledgments xxxv
Introduction 3
Chapters
1. The Printing Office 9
Readings
1.1. Setting Up a Printing- House (Moxon, 1683) 10
1.2. The Construction of a Printing-Office (Hansard, 1825) 12
1.3. Hints about Starting an Office (Harpel, 1870) 15
14. Printing-Offices (Pasko, 1894) 21
1.5. The Arrangement of a Job Office (Grattan, 1846) 23
1.6. The Press Room (Southward, 1882) 28
1.7. The Pressroom (Pasko, 1894) 29
1.8. The Composing-Room (Southward, 1882) 30
1.9. The Closet (Southward, 1900) 34
1.10. Electrical Power (Pasko, 1894) 34
1.11. Lighting (Southward, 1900) 35
1.12. Elevators (Pasko, 1894) 36
1.13. Abstracts of Acts Relative to Printers (Stower, 1808) 38
2. Personnel 41
Readings
2.1. Printing-House Personnel (Moxon, 1683) 42
2.2. The Compositor (The Printer, 1833) 43
2.3. Newspaper Compositors (The Printer, 1833) 44
2.4. Female Compositors (Pasko, 1894) 44
2.5. The Press-man's Trade (Moxon, 1683) 46
2.6. Practical Directions to Pressmen (Stower, 1808) 47
2.7. Press or Machine Room Personnel (The Printer, 1833) 48
2.8. The Pressman's Duties (Timperley, 1838) 50
2.9. The Pressman (Grattan, 1846) 50
2.10. The Young Printer (Gould, 1876) 51
2.11. Some Observations on Pressmen (Southward, 1882) 52
2.12. Press-Work Defined (Jacobi, 1890) 52
2.13. Pressmen versus Machine Men (Houghton, 1841) 53
2.14. Suggested Reforms for Hiring Compositors
and Pressmen (Grattan 1846) 54
2.15. The Business of an Overseer (Stower, 1808) 57
2.16. The Duty of an Overseer (Johnson, 1824) 59
2.17. The Foreman (Grattan, 1846) 61
2.18. Rules and Regulations to Be
Observed in a Printing-Office (Stower, 1808) 64
2.19. On Abolishing Fines (Hansard, 1825) 66
2.20. The Department of a Reader (Timperley, 1838) 66
2.21. The Business of a Warehouseman (Stower, 1808) 68
2.22. Book-Warehouse Personnel (The Printer, 1833) 69
2.23. Paper Warehouse Personnel (The Printer, 1833) 70
2.24. Directions to Apprentices (Van Winkle, 1818) 72
2.25. Out-Door Apprentices (Johnson, 1824) 73
2.26. The Apprentice's Duties (The Printer, 1833) 74
2.27. On the Treatment of Apprentices (Van Winkle, 1836) 80
2.28. Attributes of a Good Apprentice (Van Winkle, 1836) 82
2.29. The Apprentice (Grattan, 1846) 83
2.30. Advice for Apprentices (MacKellar, 1866) 84
2.31. The Apprentice (Whybrew, 1882) 86
2.32. Apprentices (Pasko, 1894) 90
2.33. Apprentices (Southward, 1900) 93
2.34. Trade Unions (Pasko, 1894) 96
The Iron Handpress 101
Readings
3.1. Wooden Presses (Stower, 1808) 103
3.2. The Improved Wooden Press (Johnson, 1824) 104
3.3. Brooke's Press (Stower, 1808) 106
3.4. The Medhurst Press (Savage, 1841) 109
3.5. The Ramage Press (Adams, 1837) 110
3.6. Advantages of the Iron Presses (Partington, 1825) 111
3.7. The Stanhope Press, First Construction (Stower, 1808) 112
3.8. The Stanhope Press, First Construction (Hansard, 1825) 115
3.9. The Stanhope Press, Second Construction (Johnson, 1824) 120
3.10. The Stanhope Press and the Rees Diagrams (Savage, 1841) 121
3.11. The Sector Press (Johnson, 1824) 125
3.12. The Sector Press (Timperley, 1838) 126
3.13. The Cogger Press (Johnson, 1824) 126
3.14. The Cogger Press (Hansard, 1825) 127
3.15. The Columbian Press (Savage, 1822) 128
3.16. The Columbian Press (Johnson, 1824) 129
3.17. The Columbian Press (Hansard, 1825) 131
3.18. The Columbian Press (The History of Printing, 1862) 132
3.19. Ruthven's Printing Press (Savage, 1822) 133
3.20. The Ruthven Press (Johnson, 1824) 135
3.21. The Ruthven Press (Hansard, 1825) 136
3.22. Stafford's Press (Hansard, 1825) 137
3.23. Dr. Church's Press (Johnson, 1824) 138
3.24. Dr. Church's Press (Hansard, 1825) 139
3.25. The Russell Press, (Johnson, 1824) 141
3.26. The Russell Press (Hansard, 1825) 142
3.27. The Wells Press (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 142
3.28. Iron Hand Presses in America (Grattan, 1846) 144
3.29. Rust's Patent Printing Presses (Sherman, 1834) 145
3.30. The Rust Washington Press (Gazlay, 1836) 146
3.31. The Washington Press (Adams, 1837) 146
3.32. The Smith Press (Gazlay, 1836) 148
3.33. Barclay's Press (Hansard, 1825) 149
3.34. TheAlbionPress(Johnson,1824) 151
3.35. The Albion Press (Timperley, 1838) 153
3.36. The Albion Press (Southward, 1882) 153
3.37. Napier's Self-Inking Albion Printing Press (Hansard, 1825) 156
3.38. The Jedburgh Press (Hansard, 1825) 157
3.39. The Couillard Press (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 158
340. The Imperial Printing Press (Timperley, 1838) 159
341. The Paragon Press (Hansard Jr., 1841) 160
342. The Philadelphia Press (Adams, 1837) 161
343. The Eagle Press (Van Winkle, 1836) 163
344. The Britannia Press (Timperley, 1838) 164
345. The American Press (Adams, 1837) 164
346. Classification of Handpresses (Jacobi, 1890) 164
347. Description of Rutt's Patent Printing Machine (Savage, 1822) 165
4. Setting Up the Iron Handpress 169
Readings
4.1. Setting Up a Stanhope Press,
Second Construction (Johnson, 1824) 169
4.2. Setting Up a Columbian Press (Johnson, 1824) 175
4.3. Setting Up a Columbian Press (Houghton, 1841) 178
44. Setting Up Washington and Smith Presses (Sherman, 1834) 180
4.5. Setting Up Smith and Rust Washington Presses (Gazlay, 1836) 181
4.6. Setting Up a Washington Press (Adams, 1837) 183
4.7. Setting Up a Washington Press (MacKellar, 1866) 184
4.8. Setting Up an Albion Press (Johnson, 1824) 185
4.9. Setting Up an Albion Press (Southward, 1882) 187
4.10. Setting Up an Albion Press (Jacobi, 1890) 188
4.11. Setting Up an Imperial Press (Houghton, 1841) 189
4.12. Setting Up a Hand-Press (Lynch, 1859) 191
3.18. The Columbian Press (The History of Printing, 1862) 132
3.19. Ruthven's Printing Press (Savage, 1822) 133
3.20. The Ruthven Press (Johnson, 1824) 135
3.21. The Ruthven Press (Hansard, 1825) 136
3.22. Stafford's Press (Hansard, 1825) 137
3.23. Dr. Church's Press (Johnson, 1824) 138
3.24. Dr. Church's Press (Hansard, 1825) 139
3.25. The Russell Press, (Johnson, 1824) 141
3.26. The Russell Press (Hansard, 1825) 142
3.27. The Wells Press (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 142
3.28. Iron Hand Presses in America (Grattan, 1846) 144
3.29. Rust's Patent Printing Presses (Sherman, 1834) 145
3.30. The Rust Washington Press (Gazlay, 1836) 146
3.31. The Washington Press (Adams, 1837) 146
3.32. The Smith Press (Gazlay, 1836) 148
3.33. Barclay's Press (Hansard, 1825) 149
3.34. The Albion Press (Johnson, 1824) 151
3.35. The Albion Press (Timperley, 1838) 153
3.36. TheAlbionPress(Southward,1882) 153
3.37. Napier's Self-Inking Albion Printing Press (Hansard, 1825) 156
3.38. The Jedburgh Press (Hansard, 1825) 157
3.39. The Couillard Press (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 158
3.40. The Imperial Printing Press (Timperley, 1838) 159
3.41. The Paragon Press (Hansard Jr., 1841) 160
3.42. The Philadelphia Press (Adams, 1837) 161
3.43. The Eagle Press (Van Winkle, 1836) 163
3.44. The Britannia Press (Timperley, 1838) 164
3.45. The American Press (Adams, 1837) 164
3.46. Classification of Handpresses (Jacobi, 1890) 164
3.47. Description of Rutt's Patent
Printing Machine (Savage, 1822) 165
4. Setting Up the Iron Handpress 169
Readings
4.1. Setting Up a Stanhope Press, Second
Construction (Johnson, 1824) 169
4.2. Setting Up a Columbian Press (Johnson, 1824) 175
4.3. Setting Up a Columbian Press (Houghton, 1841) 178
4.4. Setting Up Washington and Smith Presses (Sherman, 1834) 180
4.5. Setting Up Smith and Rust Washington Presses (Gazlay, 1836) 181
4.6. Setting Up a Washington Press (Adams, 1837) 183
4.7. Setting Up a Washington Press (MacKellar, 1866) 184
4.8. Setting Up an Albion Press (Johnson, 1824) 185
4.9. Setting Up an Albion Press (Southward, 1882) 187
4.10. Setting Up an Albion Press (Jacobi, 1890) 188
4.11. Setting Up an Imperial Press (Houghton, 1841) 189
4.12. Setting Up a Hand-Press (Lynch, 1859) 191
5. Iron Handpress Maintenance 193
Readings
5.1. Cleaning and Oiling Presses (Grattan, 1846) 193
5.2. To Keep Presses from Rusting (Grattan, 1846) 193
5.3. Cleaning a Press (Cummins, 1873) 194
5.4. OilingPresses(Crisp,1874) 194
5.5. Oiling the Press (Southward, 1882) 195
5.6. Cleaning an Albion Press (Southward, 1882) 196
5.7. How to Clean Presses (Whybrew, 1882) 196
5.8. Oil and Rags (Bishop, 1889) 197
5.9. Lubricating the Press (Jacobi, 1890) 197
6. Covering the Tympans and the Frisket 199
Readings
6.1. The Outer Tympan, the Inner Tympan,
and the Frisket (Stower, 1808) 200
6.2. Drawing the Tympans and Frisket (Luckombe, 1771) 201
6.3. Covering the Tympans (Stower, 1808) 202
6.4. Covering Tympans and Drawers (Gazlay, 1836) 203
6.5. Covering Tympan Frames (Adams, 1837) 203
6.6. Covering Tympans with Parchment (Houghton, 1841) 204
6.7. CoveringTympans(Grattan,1846) 204
6.8. Covering Tympans (Crisp, 1874) 205
6.9. Tympans (Southward, 1882) 205
6.10. Paste (Southward, 1900) 208
6.11. An Alternative Method for Covering Tympans (Lynch, 1859) 208
6.12. Covering the Frisket (Stower, 1808) 209
6.13. Covering the Frisket (Grattan, 1846) 209
7. Composition 211
Readings
7.1. Moveable-Type Printing (Hansard, 1825) 212
7.2. Observations on Composing (Stower, 1808) 213
7.3. The Composing Room (Harpel, 1870) 218
7.4. Frames(Hansard,1825) 220
7.5. Lord Stanhope's Cases (Hansard, 1825) 220
7.6. Stanhope's Explanation (Hansard, 1825) 222
7.7. Job Cases (MacKellar, 1878) 224
7.8. Composing-Sticks (Hansard, 1825) 227
7.9. Of the Different Sizes of Printing Letters (Stower, 1808) 229
7.10. The Quality of Type (Johnson, 1824) 230
7.11. TheQualityofType(Southward,1898) 231
7.12. The Bill of Type (Stower, 1808) 231
7.13. The Point System (Pasko, 1894) 233
7.14. Type Metal (Southward, 1898) 235
7.15. The Wear and Tear of Type (Crisp, 1875) 235
7.16. Copper-Faced Type (Southward, 1882) 237
7.17. WoodType(Pasko,1894) 237
7.18. Storing Wood Letters (Oldfield, 1890) 239
7.19. Second-Hand Type (Southward, 1898) 240
'.20. Spacing (Gazlay, 1836) 240
7.21. Leads, or Space-Lines (Hansard, 1825) 243
7.22. Leads (Southward, 1882) 246
7.23. How to Cast Leads (Crisp, 1875) 247
'.24. Clumps (Southward, 1882) 248
7.25. Reglets (Southward, 1882) 249
'.26. Labor-Saving Rules (Pasko, 1894) 249
7.27. Space Lines and Scale Board (Southward, 1898) 250
'.28. White Lines (Southward, 1882) 251
'.29. The Depth Table (Grattan, 1846) 251
'.30. The Scale of Sizes (Stower, 1808) 252
7.31. The Pica-Gauge (Jacobi, 1890) 254
7.32. The Page Gauge (Jacobi, 1890) 254
7.33. Of Composing (Stower, 1808) 255
'.34. Composing(ThePrinter,1833) 256
7.35. Tying Up Pages (Southward, 1898) 259
'.36. Good and Bad Habits (Southward, 1882) 261
7.37. The Standing Position of a Compositor (Hansard, 1825) 263
7.38. Fast Composition (Houghton, 1841) 264
'.39. Two Remedies for Aching Fingers (Krumbholz, 1893) 265
'40. The Copy-Holder (MacKellar, 1878) 266
741. Galleys and Letter Boards (Hansard, 1825) 266
'42. How to Treat Wood Type (MacKellar, 1866) 268
'43. To Preserve Wood-Letter and Cuts (Jacobi, 1890) 268
'.44. Composing Machines (Southward, 1900) 268
Imposing 275
Readings
8.1. The Imposing Stone (Hansard, 1825) 283
8.2. The Stone (Lynch, 1859) 284
8.3. Imposing Surfaces (Southward, 1882) 284
8.4. Signatures and Folios (Jacobi, 1890) 286
8.5. The Imposition of Book Forms (Williams, 1895) 287
8.6. The Imposition of Forms (Bidwell, 1865) 290
8.7. Of Imposing (Stower, 1808) 297
8.8. Imposing (Johnson, 1824) 300
8.9. Imposing in Quires (Johnson, 1824) 302
~.10. Imposing (Adams, 1844) 302
Making Margin 307
Readings
9.1. An Introduction to Making Margin (Savage, 1841) 307
9.2. Chases (Hansard, 1825) 308
9.3. Chases (Southward, 1882) 310
9.4. The Material of Chases (Southward, 1898) 313
9.5. Of Quotations (Stower, 1808) 313
9.6. Quotations (Lynch, 1859) 314
9.7. Quotations (MacKellar, 1866) 315
9.8. Furniture (Hansard, 1825) 315
9.9. Side-Sticks and Gutters (Hansard, 1825) 317
9.10. Furniture (Lynch, 1859) 318
9.11. Cutting Up Furniture (Van Winkle, 1818) 319
9.12. Furniture (Van Winkle, 1836) 319
9.13. Cutting Furniture (Lynch, 1859) 320
9.14. Metal Furniture (Southward, 1882) 321
9.15. Quoins (Hansard, 1825) 322
9.16. Quoins (Southward, 1898) 323
9.17. The Shooting-Stick (Hansard, 1825) 324
9.18. Sundry Tools for Locking Up Type in
the Chase (Jacobi, 1890) 325
9.19. Rack or Locking-Up Chases (Southward, 1882) 326
9.20. Mechanical Quoins (MacKellar, 1878) 326
9.21. Locking-Up Apparatus (Southward, 1882) 327
9.22. Ward's Patent Locking-Up Apparatus (Jacobi, 1890) 328
9.23. Quoins (Oldfield, 1890) 329
9.24. Making Margin (Stower, 1808) 330
9.25. Making Margins (Gazlay, 1836) 333
9.26. Regulating Margins (Gazlay, 1836) 333
9.27. Preparing the Form for the Press (MacKellar, 1866) 335
9.28. Making Margin (Southward, 1882) 338
9.29. The Making of Margins (Jacobi, 1890) 342
9.30. Making Margin (Oldfield, 1890) 345
9.31. Making Margin (Southward, 1898) 347
9.32. The Forme Rack. (Houghton, 1841) 349
10. Locking Up Forms 351
Readings
10.1. Locking Up Forms (Gazlay, 1836) 351
10.2. Locking Up the Form (Lynch, 1859) 352
10.3. Locking Up (Southward, 1882) 355
10.4. The Locking-Up of Formes (Jacobi, 1890) 359
10.5. Locking Up (Oldfield, 1890) 359
10.6. Locking Up (Southward, 1898) 361
11. Proofs 365
Readings
11.1. Of Proofs (Hansard, 1825) 365
11.2. Proofs (Southward (1882) 366
11.3. Planing Down the Form and Taking a Proof (Van Winkle, 1836) 368
114. Taking a Proof (Lynch, 1859) 369
11.5. Proving (Harpel, 1870) 370
11.6. Proofing on a Handpress (Oldfield, 1890) 370
11.7. Inking a Proof (Grattan, 1846) 372
11.8. Inking a Proof (Southward, 1882) 372
11.9. Gallery Proof Presses (Southward, 1882) 374
12. Reading and Correcting 379
Readings
12.1. Correctors and Correcting (Stower, 1808) 379
12.2. The Business of a Reader (Stower, 1808) 380
12.3. The Proof-Reader (Grattan, 1846) 386
12.4. The Selection of Reading Boys (Jacobi, 1890) 387
13. Correcting in the Metal 389
Readings
13.1. Of Correcting in Metal (Stower, 1808) 389
13.2. Correcting in the Metal (Johnson, 1824) 391
13.3. Correcting (Hansard, 1825) 393
13.4. Strewing the Type on the Imposing Stone (Van Winkle, 1836) 394
13.5. Correcting in the Metal (MacKellar, 1893) 394
13.6. Correcting (Southward, 1882) 395
13.7. Correcting in the Galley (Pasko, 1894) 398
14. Making Ready the Form 401
Readings
14.1. Making Ready a Form (Van Winkle, 1818) 401
14.2. Making Ready a Form (Adams, 1837) 405
14.3. Making-Ready a Forme (Houghton, 1841) 407
14.4. Making Ready (Grattan, 1846) 410
14.5. Making Ready for Job Work (Grattan, 1846) 411
14.6. Making Ready the Form (Lynch, 1859) 412
14.7. Making Ready (Gould, 1881) 415
14.8. Making Ready for a Circular (Southward, 1882) 416
14.9. Making Ready (Jacobi, 1890) 419
14.10. Blankets (Hansard, 1825) 421
14.11. Blankets (Adams, 1837) 422
14.12. Press Blankets (Houghton, 1841) 423
14.13. Blankets (MacKellar, 1866) 423
14.14. ThePacking(Southward,1900) 423
14.15. Bea,rers (Savage, 1841) 424
14.16. Bearers (Southward, 1882) 425
14.17. Patching Up a Type Form (Bishop, 1889) 426
14.18. Underlays and Overlays (Kelly, 1894) 427
15. Making Register 435
Readings
15.1. Points and Screws (Stower, 1808) 436
15.2. Points (Southward, 1882) 437
15.3. Making Register (Savage, 1822) 437
154. Making Register (Adams, 1837) 438
15.5. Making Register (Timperley, 1838) 439
15.6. Making Register (Gould, 1881) 439
15.7. Fixing the Points and Making Register (Jacobi, 1890) 440
15.8. Gauge Pins (Whybrew, 1881) 442
15.9. LayMarksandGauge-Pins(Jacobi,1890) 443
15.10. Duck's Bills (Savage, 1841) 444
15.11. To Make Paste-Points (Harpel, 1870) 444
15.12. Paste Points (Southward, 1900) 445
16. Paper and Dampening Paper 447
Readings
16.1. On Paper (Timperley, 1838) 448
16.2. Paper (Jacobi, 1890) 448
16.3. Paper (Southward, 1900) 451
164. Sizes of Paper (Johnson, 1824) 457
16.5. Sizes of Paper as Made by Machinery (MacKellar, 1866) 458
16.6. Descriptions of Specialty Papers and Boards.
(Various Sources) 459
16.7. Wetting Paper (Pasko, 1894) 461
16.8. Of Wetting Paper (Moxon, 1683) 463
16.9. Wetting Paper (Timperley, 1838) 466
16.10. Wetting Paper (Houghton, 1841) 467
16.11. Wetting Paper for Printing (Crisp, 1875) 469
16.12. Damping Paper (Gould, 1876) 470
16.13. Wetting Paper (Southward, 1882) 471
16.14. Wetting Down Machine Made Paper (Jacobi, 1890) 472
16.15. Wetting Paper with a Brush (Hansard (1825) 473
16.16. Dipping and Sprinkling Paper (Lynch, 1859) 474
16.17. Wetting Paper for Newspapers (Cummins, 1873) 475
16.18. Dampening Drawsheets (Kelly, 1894) 476
16.19. Dampening Closets (Grattan, 1846) 477
16.20. The Quantity of Water Used in Wetting Paper (Gazlay, 1836) 477
16.21. Oldham's Damping Apparatus (Hansard, 1825) 478
16.22. Wetting Machines (Ringwalt, 1871) 479
16.23. Wetting Paper by Machine (Gaskill, 1877) 480
VOLUME TWO
17. BlackInk 485
Readings
17-1. Printing Ink (Stower, 1808) 486
17.2. Black Ink (Savage, 1822) 487
17.3. On Printing Ink (Hansard, 1825) 488
174. For Black Ink (Hansard, 1825) 492
17.5. On the Materials and Implements for
Making Printing Ink (Savage, 1832) 494
17.6. On the Preparation of Black Printing Ink of
Different Qualities (Savage, 1832) 501
1J.7. Good Ink (Houghton, 1841) 506
17.8. Printing Inks (Harpel, 1870) 507
17.9. The Care of Inks (Bishop, 1889) 509
18. Colored Inks 511
Readings
18.1. On Coloured Printing Inks (Savage, 1832) 512
18.2. Mixing and Grinding Colors with Varnish (Adams, 1837) 519
18.3. Coloured Inks (Southward, 1882) 520
184. White Ink (Southward, 1900) 525
19. Balls, Rollers, and Inking Apparatus 529
Readings
19.1. Inking Accessories (Stower, 1808) 531
19.2. Knocking Up Balls (Stower, 1808) 533
19.3. Knocking Up Skin Balls (Van Winkle, 1818) 535
194. Composition Balls (Johnson, 1824) 536
19.5. Compo-Balls (Hansard, 1825) 536
19.6. Composition Balls (Adams, 1844) 539
19.7. Advantages of Composition Rollers (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 539
19.8. Rollers (Johnson, 1824) 540
19.9. Composition Rollers (Adams, 1837) 541
19.10. Making Rollers (Hansard, 1825) 541
19.11. Making Composition Rollers (Gazlay, 1836) 544
19.12. Rollers (Cummins, 1873) 550
19.13. Roller Moulds (Southward, 1882) 551
19.14. Composition Rollers (MacKellar, 1866) 551
19.15. Excellent Recipes for Making Rollers (Harpel, 1870) 552
19.16. General Directions for Working Rollers (Adams, 1837) 554
19.17. Preparing Rollers (Houghton, 1841) 555
19.18. Skin Rollers (Johnson/Adams, 1828) 556
19.19. Air-Inking Balls and Rollers (Beniowski, 1854) 557
19.20. Renting Rollers (Hansard Jr., 1851) 559
19.21. Some Notes on Rollers (Southward, 1882) 559
19.22. The Care of Rollers (Southward, 1882) 562
19.23. Inking Frames (Johnson, 1824) 566
19.24. Inking by Cylinders (Hansard, 1825) 567
19.25. Inking Appliances for the Handpress (Southward, 1882) 570
19.26. Setting Up the Roller Stand (Adams, 1837) 572
19.27. Self-Inking Machines (Hansard, 1825) 573
19.28. Spence's Self-Inking Machine (Sherman, 1834) 574
20. Inking 577
Readings
20.1. Rubbing Out Ink (Stower, 1808) 578
20.2. Of Beating (Stower, 1808) 579
20.3. Hand Rolling (Houghton, 1841) 580
20.4. Hand Rolling (Southward, 1882) 581
20.5. Rolling with Inking Appliances (Hansard, 1825) 582
20.6. Inking the Forme (Southward, 1900) 582
20.7. Putting on Ink and Rolling Forms (Gazlay,1836) 584
20.8. Inking with the Roller Stand (Lynch, 1859) 586
20.9. Inking Forms with a Common Distributor (Whybrew, 1882) 587
20.10. Roller Bearers (Gazlay, 1836) 588
20.11. Spring and Cork Bearers (Houghton, 1875) 588
20.12. Preserving Rollers (Lynch, 1859) 589
20.13. What the Germans Use to Clean Rollers (Krumbholz,1893) 591
21. Presswork 593
Readings
21.1. The Bank and Paper-Horse (Stower, 1808) 595
21.2. Press-Work (Ringwalt, 18m 596
21.3. A Definition of Press-Work (Jacobi, 1890) 597
21.4. General Remarks for Pressmen (Grattan, 1846) 598
21.5. An Introduction to Pulling (Adams, 1837) 599
21.6. Of Pulling (Hansard, 1825) 600
21.7. Pulling (Houghton, 1841) 602
21.8. Ordinary Imperfections and Their Remedies (Southward, 1882) 603
21.9. Off-Set and Slurring (Jacobi, 1890) 605
21.10. Rules and Remedies for Pressmen (Hansard, 1825) 606
21.11. Wash for Formes (Crisp, 1875) 609
21.12. Washing the Form (Lynch, 1859) 610
21.13. Washing Formes (Gould, 1876) 611
21.14. The Use of Benzine (De Vinne, 1883) 612
21.15. Cleaning Type (Weatherly, 1889) 613
21.16. Rags (Bishop, 1889) 613
21.17. The Lie-Trough (Hansard, 1825) 614
21.18. Printing on Parchment (Lynch, 1859) 614
21.19. Printing on Parchment (Harpel, 1870) 615
21.20. Printing on Parchment (Southward, 1900) 615
. Printing Multiple Colors 617
Readings
22.1. Of Printing Red, or Other Colours with Black (Moxon, 1683) 618
22.2. Printing Red, or Other Colours, with Black (Stower, 1808) 619
22.3. Printing Red with High Type (Hansard, 1825) 620
22.4. Colour Printing (Johnson, 1824) 621
22.5. Printing in Colours (Houghton, 1841) 621
22.6. Printing in Colors (Adams, 1844) 624
22.7. Printing in Colours (Gould, 1876) 624
22.8. The Method of Colour Printing (Southward, 1882) 626
22.9. Blocks for Tinted Grounds (Jacobi, 1890) 630
. Printing in Gold, Bronzing, and Embossing 633
Readings
23.1. Of Printing with Gold and Silver (Moxon, 1683) 633
23.2. Printing and Bronzing in Gold (Houghton, 1841) 634
23.3. Ornamental Printing (Adams, 1844) 635
23.4. Printing in Gold (Crisp, 1875) 637
23.5. Printing in Gold (Southward, 1882) 639
23.6. Bronzing (Jacobi, 1890) 643
23.7. Embossed Printing (Lynch, 1859) 644
23.8. Embossing at the Letter Press (Crisp, 1875) 645
23.9. An Easy Way to Emboss (Krumbholz, 1893) 646
. Printing Wood Engravings and Other Relief Illustrations 649
Readings
24.1. Decorative Printing (Hansard, 1825) 652
24.2. Overlaying Wood Engravings (Savage, 1822) 657
24.3. Printing Engravings on Wood (Adams, 1844) 659
24.4. Wood Engravings (Lynch, 1859) 660
24.5. Overlaying Cuts (Harpel, 1870) 662
24.6. Bringing-Up Woodcuts at Press (Crisp, 1875) 664
24.7. CutWorkatPress(Southward,1882) 666
24.8. On the Cutting of the Overlay (Wilson and Grey, 1888) 668
24.9. Printing Woodcuts (Jacobi, 1890) 673
24.10. Substitutes for Cut Out Overlays (Southward, 1900) 676
24.11. How Coloured Pictures Are Produced by the
Letterpress Process (Southward, 1900) 677
24.12. Printing from the Blocks (Southward, 1900) 687
24.13. Chromotype- Printing (Lynch, 1859) 698
24.14. Collotype Prints (Wilkinson, 1890) 699
24.15. Printing Collotypes in Color (Pasko, 1894) 703
24.16. Photo-Engraving Using the Swelled-Gelatine
Process (MacKellar, 1885) 704
24.17. Process Blocks (Oldfield, 1890) 706
24.18. Printing from Half-Tone Process Blocks (Southward, 1900) 707
25. Stereotype and Electrotype Printing 715
Readings
25.1. On Stereotype Printing (Stower, 1808) 716
25.2. On Stereotype (Johnson, 1824) 719
25.3. The Process of Stereotyping (Hansard, 1825) 720
25.4. The Clay Process (Hansard, 1825) 736
25.5. Working the Plates (Hansard, 1825) 738
25.6. The Moulding-Frame (The Printer, 1833) 740
25.7. Making Up Stereotype Forms (Gazlay, 1836) 741
25.8. Working Plates (Grattan, 1846) 742
25.9. Stereotyping (Gould, 1881) 743
25.10. Stereotyping (Southward, 1882) 749
25.11. Electrotyping (MacKellar, 1866) 758
26. The Warehouse 761
Readings
26.1. The Warehouse (Southward, 1900) 761
26.2. The Warehouse Department (Hansard, 1825) 762
26.3. Hanging Up Paper (The Printer, 1833) 772
26.4. Drying the Sheets (Southward, 1882) 773
26.5. Of Filling In and Pressing Sheets (Adams, 1837) 775
26.6. Pressing Jobs (Grattan, 1846) 777
26.7. Pressing the Sheets (Lynch, 1859) 778
26.8. Pressing Paper (Southward, 1882) 779
26.9. Cold Pressing (Southward, 1882) 780
26.10. Hot-Pressing Paper (Southward, 1882) 783
26.11. Paper Cutters (Jacobi, 1890) 787
26.12. Preparing Books for the Bindery (Southward, 1882) 789
26.13. Folding Machines (MacKellar, 1878) 792
27. Fine Printing 795
Readings
27.1. Fine Printing (Stower, 1808) 795
27.2. Fine Presswork (Savage, 1841) 799
27.3. On Fine Printing (Johnson, 1824) 800
27.4. Fine Printing (Hansard, 1825) 802
27.5. On Fine Printing (Adams, 1837) 806
27.6. Fine Hand-Presswork (MacKellar, 1866) 807
27.7. Excellence in Workmanship (Harpel, 1870) 810
28. The Business of Printing 813
Readings
28.1. Advice to Those Who Intend
Commencing Business (Mason, 1814) 814
28.2. The Printing Business in America (Van Winkle, 1818) 815
28.3. General Business Management (Harpel, 1870) 816
28.4. The Business of Printing (Pasko, 1894) 820
28.5. Hints on Taking Orders (De Vinne, 1871) 821
28.6. Prices for Press Work (Van Winkle, 1818) 835
28.7. Of the Charge of the Master
Printer to His Client (Hansard, 1825) 836
28.8. Prices for Presswork (De Vinne, 1871) 841
28.9. Prices for Labor in New York City (De Vinne, 1871) 851
28.10. Prices for Printing Equipment (De Vinne, 1871) 853
Appendices
AppendIX I. Concordance of Citations
from Mechamck ExercIses (1683) by Joseph Moxon 857
Appendix II. Checklist of Descriptions and
Illustrations of Iron Handpresses Cited and/or
Illustrated in Printers' Manuals Published
between 1808 and 1866 859
Appendix III. Chronological Index of Pre-
Twentieth-Century Printers' Manuals 865
Bibliographies
Bibliography of Pre- Twentieth-Century Printers' Manuals 875
Seventeenth-Century 880
Eighteenth-Century 881
Nineteenth-Century 884
Bibliography of Selected References 937
Indexes
Index of Names 945
Glossary/Index 963
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